Literature And The Act Of Reading - 2174 Words

Literature is a narrative that hits emotion in which our minds are free to exercise our empathic levels to feel for those we know very little about such as a character in a book. Literary works and the act of reading them teaches readers to walk a mile in a stranger’s shoes, helping them realize how others feel (empathy). In recent years, studies have focused on the exact empirical connection between reading and empathy (e.g., Hakemulder, 2000; Johnson, 2012; Johnson, 2013; Kidd Castano, 2013; Mar, Oatley, Hirsh, dela Paz, Peterson, 2006; Mar, Oatley, Peterson, 2009). Their findings have shown there is a connection between reading and not reading fictional books and levels of empathy in a person. These results were huge because for so long empathy as an emotion was just known to be something that was inherently something you did or did not possess but now with these studies, there is a whole other avenue of being more than just genetics. But even with all the research done in this area of study, less articles have taken this data and attempted to question what this would look like in younger age levels. Mar (Mar RA, Oatley K, Peterson JB 2009) argued that fiction reading may have profound effects on empathic skills of the reader. When a person reads a story, emotions are triggered by that story. According to Oatley (Oatley, K 2002), fiction presents a simulation of real-world problems, and therefore has real consequences for the reader. Empathy, according to DavisShow MoreRelatedSummary : Professional Accomplishments Essay1637 Words   |  7 Pagesin the Culture Theory Research Unit, under the academic auspices of prof. dr. hab. Jerzy JastrzÄ™bski; from the second academic year – in the Literary Theory Research Unit. 2002 – PhD (doktor) in the humanities, based on the thesis: Gnosis and Literature. Motifs, threads, interpretative models. Doctoral supervisor: prof. dr. hab. Bohdan PiÄ™czka, University of WrocÅ‚aw. 3. The previous employment in scientific units 2002-2003 – assistant lecturer in the Literary Theory Research Unit, Institute ofRead MoreLiterature as a Lense745 Words   |  3 PagesLiterature as a Lense Photography over the last few years has developed and changed drastically. Cameras today take pictures that cameras the year before were not capable of capturing due to their ability for larger pixels and higher frame rates. With the ever increasing and technological advancement of the camera itself, the lenses have also undergone major redesign in order to more effectively capture the photographer’s subject. Two lenses today that are very popular are the twelve and forty millimeterRead MoreMy Love For Reading853 Words   |  4 PagesAt this point in my life, reading would definitely not make a list of my favorite things to do, but this wasn’t always the case. Some of my youngest memories involve reading, and many of these memories are enjoyable. Every night before bed my mom would read to me, and I remember begging to read just one more before she tucked me in almost every night. This is when my love for reading sparked. Throughout grade school, I continued to read fr equently and never found it to be a chore; however, once middleRead MoreHow Does Read Literature Like A Professor1557 Words   |  7 PagesHow to Read Literature like a Professor Thomas C. Foster Entry 1 Foster discusses the idea that when two characters eat together, that moment acts as a bonding experience and causes the characters to come together. I had never noticed the significance of a meal between characters before. After reading this chapter, I can think of so many moments in stories when the characters share a meal together to form friendships or come to a peace. In one of my favorite novels, Nineteen Minutes by Jodi PicoultRead More`` Fun Home, By Alison Bechdel1163 Words   |  5 Pageschildhood and adolescence as she struggles with themes of sexual confusion, gender identity, and convoluted family dynamics. These ideas are explored through the examination of Alison’s relationship with her father, and their shared passion for literature. Early on in her childhood, Alison came to the realization that her family was different. As individuals, and as a unit, they were just plain weird. Unlike most young girls, Alison lacked a strong bond with her parents, most notably her father,Read MoreThe Uk Civil Partnership Act 20041670 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The introduction of the article involves analysis of various literature and researches on the policies and laws that govern lesbian and gay equality. The mention of the different definitions and arguments pave the way for the introduction of the UK Civil Partnership Act 2004 (Taylor 589). According to the introduction part of the reading, same-sex legal recognition has always revolved around two specific positions that are framing the lesbian law towards equality or view acknowledgmentRead MoreThe Importance Of Selfishness In Literature1306 Words   |  6 PagesSelfishness is defined as the act of being someone who lacks concern for others, only caring for personal gain. Often, people are selfish due to a lack of empathy, misinformation, or a lack of information. The ability of literature to have us experience different worlds through different perspectives is fairly useful for combating this. In fact, literature can shock us about the idea of selfishness and give us pause and new i nsights into it, if not necessarily cause us to realize our own lack ofRead MoreThe Lost Art Of Reading1043 Words   |  5 PagesThe constant distractions of everyday life that make reading a difficult challenge are exploited in David L. Ulin’s article- The Lost Art of Reading. People are often too involved with daily activities such as checking their latest notification, browsing the internet, or playing apps on their phones to gain the focus required to interact with well composed literature. Although Ulin expresses the difficulty to read in today’s world, he is not correct on everything. The distractions are only temporaryRead MoreA Curriculum Analysis Of The Glencoe Mcgraw Hill Texas Treasure Literature Curriculum Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesGlencoe McGraw-Hill Texas Treasure Literature Curriculum The Texas Treasure Literature Curriculum is published by Glencoe McGraw-Hill, and based on the information provided from their website and textbooks, I discovered the authorship team includes senior program consultants, program consultants, special consultants, Glencoe’s National Reading and Language Arts Advisory Council, and a Texas Advisory Board. Most of these members hold Ph.D.’s in fields such as Reading, Literacy, as well as CurriculumRead MoreThe Role of Multicultural Literature Essay1213 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in 2011 shows there is a significant achievement gap between the reading scores of ELLs and non-ELLs, with the non-ELL’s scores being much more higher than the ELLs( NAEP 2011). There have been many ways argued to help improve ELL’s literacy skills in order to raise their reading scores, one way being is using multicultural literature. Multicultural literature can be used to create a motivating envir onment for the ELL student to help them feel included in the classroom

Ghost Story Free Essays

It was a cold starlit sky when a couple decided to steal a pawn shop which had many jewellery from different type of countries. It was located in an unusual part of the town where people do not often visit as it has a very strange atmosphere in the air. ‘Quick, Quick’ said the man grabbing his woman by her wrist and dragging her behind. We will write a custom essay sample on Ghost Story or any similar topic only for you Order Now ‘He’s coming, we must disappear before he sees us’. The man held his girl girlfriend very tightly by her arm, who was struggling to run with a heavy load on her back. As the couple hurried along the cold chilling street they slipped into an ally and began to catch there breath. Then came a rather large grotesque looking man charging from his shop, looking from left to right. The man was around six foot tall, rather heavy eyebrows, with many scars across his neck and a right eye which had an irregular white colour inside. As he looked into the dark misty sky he gave an almighty roar which sent vibrations through the heart of the couple. His face turned from one colour to another and as he clenched his fist he then swore to take revenge on the thieves. At this moment of time his humanity was questioned as he looked like he was indestructible. The couple in the alleyway stared at one another in the face, heart beating to the second regretting they even stepped outside the shop. As they were in a cul-de-sac they were too afraid to leave the ally and make an escape. The couple muttered words under there breaths as if they were planning an escape. The man then went back inside the shop and slammed the door which then sent a shudder through the couples body. As the couple went into the streets, they heard a little tap of footsteps in the alley which they were hiding in. The woman stopped and turned towards the alley where there was a dark shadowed figure in the mysteriously gloomy corner filled with a thick dark mist as if she was attracted to it. As the woman curiously stared in the corner, the man held hand and gradually pulled her away from it. As she exited the alleyway she heard a deep, slow trembling voice ‘Where do you think you are going’. As she heard this voice it started to make her think she was hearing something in her head but soon she and the man realised something was in the corner. You aren’t going to escape’ and then in a slightly decrepit voice ‘It is yours to keep forever’. The woman who then looked in her bag to see what it meant, as she scurried through her bag there she found a black box which began to glow as soon as she picked it up. As soon as she picked it up the creature laughed in a creepy way and all that was heard was a screeching hissing noise. The woman immediately dropped the beautiful black box which then opened, containing a necklace with a dark mist filled black stone hanging from it. This is when the man decided he had enough, grabbed the bag containing the rest of the jewellery and prompted the woman to leave. As they decided to leave she couldn’t help but pick up the gold necklace and put in safely in the box. ‘I’m going to throw this back, we don’t need it’ As she dumped the necklace in the gutter, the couple left the scene of the robbery and they decided to take a taxi. As the car arrived the woman was adamant on taking a taxi but nevertheless decided to go in. As the man entered the taxi he was too occupied in the jewellery but when the woman sat down she looked in disbelief what was on the seat in front of her. The glowing black box was shining like a star and as she opened it, it contained a note ‘Get Rich Or Die Trying. ‘ As soon as she finished reading the note the taxi driver who was the shop owner then turned back and cackled in a callous, cold-blooded way ‘REMEMBER ME’ and drove the car down into the banks of a countryside where a low, lurid lake awaited the coming of the notorious thieves. How to cite Ghost Story, Papers

Reforms in Australian Education Industry for Australian Government

Question: Discuss about theReforms in Australian Education Industry for Australian Government. Answer: In order to increase economic status of a country, reforms in the education sector can be termed as mandatory. In context to the Australian education industry, reforms are inevitable as it is one of the growing industries in the country (Coombe, 2015). In the Federal Budget, the Australian government has to review the reforms that can make a significant impact on the sector. In the newspaper article, the author, Bexley (2017) reviewed the pre-budget announcement directed towards the higher education system in Australia. In the meanwhile, Simon Birmingham, the Australian Education Minister stated that higher education would be costlier in the next few years as the government had decided to increase the education fees of the higher education by 1.8 percent per year from 2018 to 2021 (Bexley, 2017). By the review of the selected newspaper article, it is apparent that the latest education reforms in the higher education system will create an adverse impact on the students seeking higher education in Australia as the rise in university fees for degree course will add monetary pressure on the students (Gamage Shangwu, 2016). Under the reforms, the Australian government decided to reduce the burden of education funding as the contribution of the students had been increased in the Federal Budget (Bexley, 2017). In this particular study, the issue of the reform and economic impact of the decision have been discussed. Due to recent modification in the Australian higher education system, Australian undergraduate students will now need to pay $2,000 to $ 3,600 more for a degree course in compared to the previous amount. The alteration in the higher education funding has forced the students to pay increased fees (Bexley, 2017). On the other hand, the payback period for education loan taken under the Higher Education Contribution Scheme (HECS) will also be reduced. Clearly, increased fees of the higher education mean that the students have to borrow more money and repay the loan in shorter time. Moreover, the efficiency dividend has been included that denotes 2.8 percent cuts for funding in education in 2018 and 2019 (Bexley, 2017). Precisely, the education reform policy will benefit the government of Australia as the government can save a substantial amount of funds spent on the higher education system. According to the reports, the education funding will be reduced by AU$ 380 million by 2019 (Bexley, 2017). Meanwhile, the cuts of funding will also impact the ongoing research projects in the higher education. Due to rise in fees and funding cuts, a number of job cuts can be seen in the universities (El-Khawas, 2014). In the next section, the impact of the increased fees of the higher education on the Australian economy has been demonstrated. The Australian Education industry is one of the highest contributors of GDP in the economy. However, the maximum proportion of the revenue comes from international education as Australia is one of the most attractive destinations for higher studies across the globe (Halsall, 2013). According to the last ten years statistics, the economic contribution of international education in Australia has gradually increased in the higher education sector of the economy. A graph has been presented herein below for further understanding: Figure: Economic Contribution of International Education in Australia (Figures in Billions) Source: (Gornitzka, Kogan Amaral, 2017) It can be seen from the above figure that the economy has earned around $21.97 billion in 2016 from international education. Furthermore, higher education accounts to contribute around $15.13 billion of the total amount in 2016. Hence, it can be seen that Australian Government is highly dependent on International Education Service for maintain an economic balance in the nation (Teichler, Enders Fulton, 2016). However, it is expected that the rise in the price of education in Australia due to the policy reforms will gradually impact the quantity demanded for the international education. By applying the theory of demand, it can be clearly seen that the rise in the price will negatively impact the quantity demanded for higher education in the nation. On the other hand, it is important to keep in mind that education is a necessary service that cannot be substituted. Hence, the demand for education is inelastic in nature. In other words, a higher increment in the price for education will impact the quantity demanded in the sector by a smaller amount. Therefore, the revenue gained due to the increase in price will be higher than the revenue loss due to the fall in the demand (Turpin, 2016). But, the fall in the demand for international education will highly impact the other industries due to the decrease in the number of international student. Additionally, the pressure over the student to repay the education loan will increase that will influence them to complete their higher education in some other nation. On the basis of the above analysis, it can be clearly seen that the policy reforms made by the Australian Government in the education sector will move towards a negative direction in the upcoming years. It is suggested to the government to make necessary changes in the education industry by introducing latest technology and provide other benefits to the students (Mauch Sabloff, 2015). Competitive placements can be offered to the students and better loan schemes can offered in order to mitigate the current issues of the economic reforms in the Australian education sector. The above discussion and review of the article have presented how the higher education reforms of Australian government will impact the students and teaching system in the country. Precisely, higher education fees have forced the students to contribute higher. As a result of scenario, students need to borrow more money to meet their university fees. Also, the lower payback period of loan suggests that students have to repay the loan amount in a lesser time frame. On the other side, as the contribution of the students have been increased in the higher education and funding cuts are proposed in the education system, the government will save substantial money to be invested in other sectors. References Bexley, E. (2017).Higher education reform: small changes for now but big ones to come.The Conversation. Retrieved August 2017, from https://theconversation.com/higher-education-reform-small-changes-for-now-but-big-ones-to-come-76978 Coombe, L. (2015). Australian higher education reforms unification or diversification?.Journal Of Higher Education Policy And Management,37(2), 125-143. El-Khawas, E. (2014).Reform initiatives in higher education(4th ed.). Washington, DC: ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education. Gamage, D., Shangwu, Z. (2016). A Study on Recent Reforms, Current Issues and Policies Within the Australian and Chinese Systems of Higher Education.Education And Society,21(2), 19-35. Gornitzka, A., Kogan, M., Amaral, A. (2017).Reform and change in higher education(5th ed.). Dordrecht: Springer. Halsall, J. (2013). Delivering Higher Education Policies within a Challenging Community.Higher Education Studies,3(2). Mauch, J. Sabloff, P. (2015).Reform and change in higher education. (7th ed.) New York: Garland Pub. Teichler, U., Enders, J., Fulton, O. (2016).Higher education in a globalising world(6th ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Turpin, T. (2016). Academic research evaluation in Australia: some implications of proposed higher education reforms.Research Evaluation,9(1), 37-46.

Sociology Personal Statement for a Graduate’s Program Essay Example

Sociology Personal Statement for a Graduate’s Program Essay Sociology, which sometimes also refers as social science, deals with the scientific study of society. By using numerous types of pragmatic examinations and critical analysis, a sociologist analyze how humans interact with each other or simply how they interact with the society. There are different areas of sociology each examine a unique perspective of humans or society such as social organization that deals with the study of numerous groups, institutes or organizations and social psychology that deals with the study of collective behavior of humans and their attitudes or personalities. To become a sociologist you will first need to complete your graduate from a prospective university and to get admission in that university you will need to write a sociology personal statement. A personal statement is a prerequisite that you need to tackle when you apply to any college or university. It tells the board that evaluates the applications what makes the applicant tick, how he developed an interest in sociology and why he wants to study in this university. There are some personal statements that offer the applicants to pick out their own theme such as medical or law statements. But there are also some that ask the applicant to respond to only given questions such as business related personal statements. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Personal Statement for a Graduate’s Program specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Personal Statement for a Graduate’s Program specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Personal Statement for a Graduate’s Program specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Nonetheless, to write an attention-grabbing sociology personal statement that can occupy a slot in your specific university, follow the below listed guidelines. First determine your potential or capability for studying sociology. List down your special skills or past experiences that shows your aptitude for this field. Tell the audience why you are the fit candidate for the sociology graduate program. What makes you special and competent to continue further studies in this field? Recall the history of your academic performance or previous experience that can act as evidence that you can handle the graduate studies in sociology in a competent manner. For instance, show them that you maintained your good performance and high grades while doing a full-time job during undergraduate. It is also important to conduct a little research on the university where you are applying for the graduation program so that you can respond them why their university is the best place for you. For instance, you can discuss their special course that you didn’t find in any other university and how that special course compelled you to seek admission there. Start the draft with an appealing introduction that hooks the board of the university. Open the statement with an interesting anecdote. You can also start with a quotation that gives the readers an idea about your point of view regarding sociology. Describe your qualification, work experience, inspiration or aspiration in the body of the personal statement. Since it is a sociology personal statement you need not to use any jargon but keep the writing simple. In the conclusion of the statement, reiterate the interest in the sociology field and your future goals that you have in mind.

colonization essays

colonization essays Colonization was dangerous, risky, and expensive for anyone who attempted it. Queen Elizabeths sea dogs landed at Roanoke, but it is considered a lost colony. Englands second attempt was in 1607 when Jamestown, Virginia was founded. Jamestown was considered the first permanent English colony in America. The English were in search of gold. They wanted to get rich quick and return to England to be admired. They were totally unprepared for the new world. The English landed in a terrible location which consisted mostly of marsh and swamp where it was hard to live. They lived in small tents or huts that they made out of logs, branches, bushes and anything else they could use for shelter. Food was very scarce and two thirds of the population died in the first year primarily because of disease and starvation. Immigrants continued to come to the colonies hoping to make money from tobacco. They were in search of land, labor and wealth that would help them rise in the seventeenth century. T hey were mostly concerned about themselves. They were a weak colony and would have failed if a single ship had not returned once a year with more people and supplies. People back in England soon gave up on England and separated from the church. The New World offered them the freedom the worship as they wished. Plymouth colony was established by the Pilgrims, and was one of the many New England colonies. Land was acquired from the Virginia Company. They used the mayflower compact as a type of government. This colony had a thanksgiving with the Indians in 1621. Soon after, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was established and was much larger than Plymouth. Religion dominated the community. Many of the people left England to find religious freedom, but there were those who were no different than the English who were worried about themselves and not so much about God. Overt time the colony becomes less religious and more e ...

Character Comparison Essay Research Paper Character ComparisonHarold

Character Comparison Essay, Research Paper Character Comparison Harold Krebs in # 8221 ; Soldier # 8217 ; s Home # 8221 ; and Uncle Fred in # 8220 ; My Uncle Fred # 8221 ; both have one thing in common. They have experiences about a World War. Nonetheless, the two work forces have certain outstanding differences with respects to their characters. In # 8220 ; Soldier # 8217 ; s Home # 8221 ; , we encounter Harold Krebs, who is the chief character coming back from Germany after the war to his place province of Oklahoma. When he came, people had already welcomed all the other soldiers that came back from the war. To the people in the town, it was instead unusual that Krebs was coming tardily. Some people asked him why he came tardily and besides if it was true that the good soldiers ever came back late. Surprisingly, he did non desire to speak about the war. He decided to speak about the war when no 1 was interested in his narratives. The lone manner he could acquire audience about the war was for him to lie. Uncle Fred on the other manus, was a existent soldier who did non volunteer to fall in the ground forces but was induced into the armed forces by his authorities. Before traveling to war, he was a husbandman who planted flowers and sold them to the populace. When Uncle Fred came back from war, he was have oning old apparels. It was apparent that he had had no easy life. He was a tired adult male who needed a batch of remainder, both physically and mentally. After recognizing his sister and his nephew, he mumbled that all he wanted was bread, sleep, and baccy. That is a clear indicant of a tired adult male. Krebs on the other manus, still behaves like earlier traveling to war. He is relaxed, slow, true to his name which has a similar sound to # 8220 ; crab # 8221 ; , he stays at his female parent # 8217 ; s place. He walks up and down the promenade, looking at adult females and yet doesn # 8217 ; t want t o hold a relationship. Uncle Fred is a adult male of peace, as his name has the German sound of the word # 8220 ; frieda # 8221 ; intending peace. He loves flowers which are a symbol of love. Further, he doesn # 8217 ; t want to speak about the war. Krebs # 8217 ; indicant of character is besides seen when he was talking to his female parent. When his female parent was told him that he could utilize his male parent # 8217 ; s auto if he wanted to, his response was that his female parent is the 1 who persuaded the male parent to state so. He besides told his female parent that he doesn’t love anybody. His female parent got hurt by what he said and when she cried he started to state her that he did non mean to ache her and he was regretful. Krebs said he was sorry but he truly didn’t mean it, he enjoyed to see his ma unhappy. Uncle Fred may hold been eating and kiping at the beginning, but all he needed was clip to mend from the war experiences. He wanted to acquire involved. He besides wanted to assist her sister. At first Uncle Fred took all his properties and ordered his nephew to travel and sell them at the market topographic point in exchange for nutrient. He besides changed his nest eggs so that they could hold something to eat. In his rousing move, we see Uncle Fred waking up one forenoon, shave, inquiring for new underwear, and utilizing his nephew’s bike to travel off. When he came back, he had a pail incorporating flower seedlings, a measure towards the resurgence of his flower planting concern. Even though his sister sho wed uncertainties as to whether he will do money sing the fact that everyone was hapless, he did non lose hope but went in front and started selling flowers. Krebs doesn’t seem to desire to make anything, he is merely a receiving system. He doesn’t love anyone except his sister, with who he appears to hold a really good relationship. Funny plenty, the two seem like people who can even hold a love matter. Clearly, Krebs is afraid to confront the universe and fitting adult females of his age. At the terminal of # 8221 ; Soldier # 8217 ; s Home # 8221 ; , we see Krebs and his female parent speaking and stoping their conversation with a supplication. His female parent asks him to pray but he asks her to make that for him. After praying, he kissed his female parent and left the house. He so said he felt sorry for his female parent and doesn # 8217 ; t want to maintain his life complicated. This is a mark of person who doesn # 8217 ; t want to believe, work or convey alteration to his life. In crisp contrast, Uncle Fred in # 8221 ; My Uncle Fred # 8221 ; has a wholly different character and made a batch of alterations in his life. He managed his concern good and even owned a auto. Since Uncle Fred did non hold kids, his nephew was the 1 who was to inherit all his wealths. The immature male child had to analyze commercialism so that he could take attention of revenue enhancements. This is besides an indicant that Uncle Fred is a adult male full of love, merely what sell ing flowers symbolize.

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Business - Essay Example The scope and extent of a company’s contribution towards social and environmental causes, almost guarantees successful results, which is why, every other company, today proudly flaunts its commitment towards such causes, in its annual reports. Are the companies today, actually environmentally and socially conscious or is it a desperate bid to gain consumers’ trust through deliberate green-washing? This paper seeks to delve deeper into this aspect of business, and seek answers to the critical issue of social and environmental commitment of multinational companies, their corporate agenda and the impact of the same on their stakeholders. For the purpose of this study, the case of The Body Shop will be explored and analyzed. Corporate Social Responsibility: Fact or Farce? Contemporary multinational organizations today are caught in the middle of a heated debate, surrounding the legitimacy and credibility of their claims regarding their social and environmental commitments. In the process, they are being pushed towards including broader public good will, and beyond their conventional commitment towards their shareholders. ... The Body Shop exemplifies one such situation, where the company seems to have got it right in the beginning, but over the years, ended up in controversies, putting the company on the pedestal, and forcing its management to justify its actions, with regard to its mission and values, which boasts of environmental and social commitment and broader public good (Rosenthal, 1994, Pp. 15 - 17). This brings up the question, whether corporate social responsibility can go hand in hand with the core corporate motive – that of maximizing profits; whether commitment to social and environmental causes and contribution towards society can co-exist along with commitment to the company’s stakeholders; and whether CSR is a farce or a fact? The same is discussed through the case of The Body Shop International Plc – a UK based multinational cosmetic brand, which boasts of its commitment towards the environment, via its ‘green’ and natural products and its contribution t owards social and environmental causes. The Body Shop International Plc. The Body shop is a world renowned British cosmetic retailing firm, founded in the year 1976 by Dame Anita Roddick, and having a strong international presence (The Body Shop, 2011). The company adopted an environmental strategy from the very beginning and showed a strong commitment towards green causes and social issues, thus ideally being an advocate of ‘green’ business and a portraying a model corporate social responsibility agenda (Dennis et al., 1998, Pp. 649-653). The company boasts of an impressive range of environmentally friendly / bio-degradable range of products; endorses recycling and over the years, have shown an active involvement in social and

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE - Essay Example This prompted me to find articles that represent results of general research so that I could deduce the meaning of general research from them. In particular, I read two general research articles and compared their topic, methodology, and findings to a scientific article. This is how I came up with a conclusive answer. The first general research article talked about the relationship between conservation, tourism, and economic development (Conservation – Tourism – Economic Development Context 1). The second talked about staff development through education (EAEpedia 1). The scientific article focused on marine mammals and its approach concurred with definition about scientific research (United States Department of Commerce 1). You are welcome to view the articles as this important discussion continues. Conservation – Tourism – Economic Development Context. The Investigation of the Effects of Conservation and Tourism on Land Tenure and Ownership Patterns in KwaZulu-Natal. Web. 2004. 26 November 2011 United States Department of Commerce. Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for the Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program. 2008. Web. 26 November 2011

A dramatic way Essay Example for Free

A dramatic way Essay After the September 11, 2001 attack the civil aviation system of our nation was given a great deal of congressional attention. The Congress enacted the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA) on November 2001. The ATSA created the Transport Security Administration (TSA) within the Department of Transportation (DOT). The TSA was entrusted with the responsibility of ensuring security in aviation as well as other modes of transport. This agency hired a number of people for the deployment of both passengers and baggage. Explosives detection equipment was used to check the baggage. The agency is also working on the Computer-Assisted Passenger Prescreening System (CAPPS); this would use national security as well as commercial databases in order to identify passengers who could pose risk for additional screening. TSA also initiated a number of programs and research on the use of technology and information in order to advance security. The Transportation Workers Identification Card program is issued to airport workers after a background check has been conducted on them. Biometric indicators have been incorporated in them so that each worker can be positively matched to his or her credential. Though TSA takes pains to see that bombs and other threat items are not carried into the planes by the passengers on their self or in their baggage, areas such as the air cargo security, general aviation security and the airport perimeter security are still vulnerable, the air cargo is vulnerable as very little of the cargo on cargo and passenger planes are screened. Thus TSA has been advised to use a risk management approach to enhance and strengthen the air cargo security. Prior to September2001, screeners who were hired by the airlines very often failed to detect threat objects on passengers or in their carryon luggage. This could be because of insufficient training and a rapid turnover. In most of the airports the turnover exceeded 100 percent, the skilled and experienced screeners were few mainly because of low wages, few benefits and monotonous work. Moreover before September 2001 people entered the secure areas of airports, including the aircrafts as the limiting controls did not work as intended. TSA’s first and foremost responsibility was according to ATSA that of ensuring security in all modes of transportation. The security screening responsibility was also shifted to TSA. Some of the aviation security responsibility such as security of air traffic control and other computer systems remained with FAA. TSA worked to establish itself and worked at meeting the deadlines set forth by ATSA. TSA had 13 employees in January 2002. A year later it had 65,000 employees. TSA had met over 30 deadlines during 2002 to improve the aviation security. Racial profiling against the ‘young muslim male’ seems an awful idea and therefore it ought to be abolished. Still it is argued and even many minority police are of the opinion that it can be used as a statistical tool. It can be a cost effective way to tackle a certain problem e. g. most people committing X belong to Texas, then if there is a reliable way to identify people from Texas, it would certainly reduce the action X. Still it is not ethical even though police argue that they are not taking action based on any race but that they are using race as a factor to identify suspects. This is discrimination by race and religion and when such discrimination meets approval, we start heading down the slope. Besides this the practical problems are also to be met. It certainly antagonizes the group that is being profiled. The young muslim men in America would not like it and might even flare up, and it might irritate them so that they who might have helped in a terrorist investigation might just shrug their shoulders now. Moreover how many people would it affect? Numerous? Muslim looking men hail from Nigerians to Iranians to Indonesians. The muslims of Central Asia often resemble the Chinese and tree quarters of Arab Americans are Christians. It is also to be noted that even if racial profiling isn’t motivated by bigotry, over a period of time it is very likely to cause racial tension. The civilians would view all young Muslims males suspiciously, which would again inflame racial tensions. Therefore in order to preserve racial harmony an extra couple billion dollar get spent, for the security measure, it is still more worthwhile that creating disillusioned youngsters who in their anger might turn terrorists. Sources Jackson Brain A :Aptitude For Destruction: Organizational Learning in Terrorist Groups and its Implications for†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Brower Jennifer L: The Terrorist Threat and its implications for sensor technologies, Prometheus Inc.Newport . RI02840, USA 3. www. wikipedia. org 4.. Kofi Annan, Secretary General, United Nations, Keynote address to the Closing Plenary of the International Summit on Democracy, Terrorism and Security March 10 2005 5. Joan Arehart –Treichel; Terrorists Motives Arise From Diverse Factors Psychiatric News March 18, 2005, Volume 40, Number 6 6. Lee Tien, Electronic Frontier Foundation Senior Counsel, Sep. 27, 2001 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 7. Jenkins, Brian Michael: Countering the New Terrorism (199

Distortion of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby Essay -- Essays o

In the past the American Dream was an inspiration to many, young and old. To live out the American Dream was what once was on the minds of many Americans. In The Great Gatsby, the American Dream was presented as a corrupted version of what used to be a pure and honest ideal way to live. The idea that the American Dream was about the wealth and the possessions one had been ingrained, somehow, into the minds of Americans during the 1920’s. As a result of the distortion of the American Dream, the characters of F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, The Great Gatsby along with many others, lived life fully believing in the American Dream, becoming completely immersed in it and in the end suffered great tragedies. Around the 1920’s many American's outlook on life began to change. The American Dream gave them something to fight for, â€Å"a chance to achieve fame, power, or fortune†(Daeleiden 11), a chance to climb above their previous generation in terms of the social ladder. Even though it was superficial, Gatsby's outlook on life was something that could be labeled as optimistic. However as optimistic as it was, Gatsby was ignorant to the truths hovering around him. Although Gatsby’s intentions were good many times he became confused in what he really wished for. Gatsby believed that if he overcame the poverty of his early life and became someone new he would be able to capture the heart of his beloved Daisy, a woman whose materialistic outlook on life led Gatsby to extremities. Gatsby threw around large amounts of money as if it was nothing in an attempt to win over the heart of his beloved Daisy. He even threw incredibly lavish parties in hope that Daisy would attend one giving him t... ...kest way possible. To have an easy life without having to make an effort and to obtain all the materialist possessions within your ability. The difference between Fiztgerald's American dream and the Contemporary Dream is that one exemplifies the results rather then the process. Fitzgerald's American Dream is mostly portrayed as a miracle followed by a demise while the Contemporary Dream is more of a lack of effort in the achieving of a superficial American Dream. The similarities however lie in the materialism of the corrupted American Dream. What was once a pure dream became the race to becoming wealthy in ever possible way. Both Fitzgerald and the Contemporary Dream emphasize the possessions of one. Fitzgerald however looks at this in a negative way while the other presents materialism as positive and a necessity to achieving the American Dream.

People’s Attitude Towards Abortion in Australia

People’s attitude towards abortion in Australia Abstract: The hypothesis, â€Å"It is apparent that in Australia people are not supportive of abortion. † would be tested in the report. The aim of it was to reveal the current views of people in Australia towards abortion, under the circumstances of different age and cultural background. A questionnaire about justified reasons, legalization and values on abortion was constructed and the target group would be 20 international students and 20 local Australians. The international students were mainly Chinese, and a few from South-East Asia. Though most participants did not have a really strong stance of supporting abortion or not, when there were further questions about Pro-choice behaviour and legalization of abortion, it was discovered that participants were actually in respect of freedom of choice, and agreed that abortion should be legalized. Therefore it could be said that comparing the 2 sides, participants were rather supportive to abortion. Based on the results, extended researches covering a larger target group which could mostly represent different cultural groups could be conducted to test whether abortion was really generally acceptable or not or could it be legalized under all cases. Introduction Abortion had been a controversial issue for hundreds of years, discussions and debates were always held to argue whether it should or should not be declared legal. This issue was crucial at all time because the attitude towards it were mainly influenced by various important values of life like morality, human rights and freedom of choice, adding that they were the key factors to determine whether it should be declared legal. â€Å"Abortion can be defined as the expulsion or removal of an embryo or foetus from the uterus of the pregnant mother† (Blade, 2008). It could be divided into two types. First, the â€Å"spontaneous abortion† occurs when the mother’s body ejects the foetus due to different reasons, usually natural ones (without human effort). This report focused on another type of abortion, â€Å"induced abortion†. This was what people usually mean when they use the word abortion. In other words, it was the â€Å"termination of pregnancy†. After the Federation in 1901, abortion was handled by the British Offences Against the Person Act of 1861. In the act, abortion was illegal , no matter under what circumstances. However, since then, abortion would be legal in some cases under the law. For instance, Natasha,(1998), suggested that under the McGuire ruling (1986) in Queensland, abortion could only be legalized when the mother was in threat that abortion could preserve her life or health. Another case that abortion could be legalized was that if the newborn baby would die immediately or within a short period. For the current legislation about it in Queensland under the Queensland Criminal Code, the viewpoint remained similar that the court would prohibit abortion unless the mothers life or health is in danger. Though, it did not reveal any response on the change of attitudes of people towards abortion. The aim of the report was to reveal the current views of people in Australia towards abortion, under the circumstances of different age and cultural background(international students versus local Australians). It appeared that nowadays more and more people were supportive to abortion. This view would be supported by the results from survey and then a discussion part of it would be included and at last the conclusion and recommendation would be formulated. Methodology: Questionnaires about the attitudes of abortion of people were used to collect data for the report. A qualitative methodology was used. The reason for choosing it was because the report focused more on depth, rather than quantity. According to the Family Health International (2005), a qualitative research provided information about the â€Å"human† side of an issue, which was often contradictory. It could also interpret the complex reality or create a better understanding to a specific situation and the implications of the qualitative data. Another important point was that it could help identify intangible factors (age, gender, nationality, religion, etc) in the report. These factors were the keys that influence a person’s attitude toward the issue. The emphasis of the questionnaire was to understand participant’s standpoints for or against abortion, therefore 10 out of 14 questions were about their opinion, the rest were 3 attribute questions and 1 knowledge question. The total number of participants was 40. There were altogether 20 international students studying in Australia and 20 local Australians completed the questionnaire. Among the participants, 23 of them were female and 17 were male. In the student group, 2 of them were under or below 18 and 18 were at the age of 19 to 30. Among the local Australians, 6 of them were between 31-45 and another 14 were 45 or above. A point to note was that for the international students, 15 of them were Chinese. To make sure the information would be kept secret, no questions were about identity or other private information. The questionnaires were given out in two ways. The first way was to distribute them at school and at homes, and another way was to distribute them through the internet. Participants were quite interested to the questionnaire as they thought that it was a controversial issue. However in the process, participants found confused with the last open-ended question about the relationship between culture, age and abortion as it was not required to state reasons but lines were given. Moreover, due to a lack of time in completing the questionnaire, i. e. in 5 or 10 minutes, the data collected might be distorted. Results: The purpose of the questionnaire was to find out the attitudes of people in Australia towards abortion. Questions were divided into 3 main categories: justified reasons for abortion, legalization of abortion and viewpoints and value towards abortion. For the justified reasons for abortion, a total of 8 choices were given to participants and they could choose more than one answers, including: 1. psychological reasons e. g. resisting abrupt change of life 2. economic reasons e. g. financial burden of raising children 3. unwanted babies e. g. pregnant in mistake 4. caused by rapes 5. unready for responsibility 6. as problems with relationship or wants to avoid single parenthood 7. mother has health problems 8. has already all the children she wanted or all children are grown From the questionnaire, participants thought that the most justified reasons for abortion were â€Å"economic reasons† and â€Å"pregnancies caused by rapes†, both of them make 62. 5% of the total. The next would be â€Å"unready for responsibility† (35%), â€Å"unwanted babies† (32. 5%), à ¢â‚¬Å"mother has health problems† (30%), â€Å"problem for relationship or wants to avoid single parenthood† (22. 5%), â€Å"psychological reasons† (12. %) and the least justified reason would be â€Å"has already children she wanted or all children are grown† (10%). For another category, legalization of abortion, there was an open-ended question asking the participants about one pros and cons of abortion. For the pros, there were several main ideas. First, people thought that after legalization of abortion, risks could be reduced as people no longer find doctors with no license to abort. Secondly, it would a respect to freedom of choice of people. Thirdly, there would be fewer children grown up in an unstable environment. For the cons, people also got similar ideas, for instance, abortion was against the respect of life, i. e. killing innocent life. Also, people could be more irresponsible as they could abort legally. For the last category, viewpoints and values towards abortion, 6 questions were raised. Majorities believed that abortion was becoming common nowadays (25% strongly agree, 50% agree). For the question about whether the people’s views towards abortion was changing, bigger part of them agree with the statement (20%strongly agree, 40% agree) buy quite a number of people maintained neutral (32. %). For the question â€Å" it is inhuman and should be banned†, the 2 sides were almost balanced (5% strongly agree, 32. 5% agree versus 7. 5%strongly disagree and 37. 5% disagree), about 17. 5% people chose to be neutral. In the question of freedom of choice, it was quite one-sided that it should be highly respected (40% for both strongly agree or agree, adding up to 80%). Asking about if it was acceptable in all cases, disagreement (20% strongly disagree, 42. 5% disagree) was more than agreement (32. 5% agree). Though, quite a lot of people thought that they would have different views upon abortion in different cases (35% strongly agree, 32. 5% agree). For the last open-ended question about the relationship between age, culture and views towards abortion, the main ideas of the participants were that aged people, i. e. age group of 45 or above, would be more conservative and therefore have a negative view upon abortion. Moreover, they thought that people with different culture, particularly â€Å"westerners† in the Chinese’s eyes, would be more open and accept the idea of abortion. Discussion and conclusion: The aim of the report was to reveal the current views of people in Australia towards abortion, under the circumstances of different age and cultural background (international students versus local Australians). From the results, we could see that many participants did not have a really strong stance of supporting abortion or not, only a few do. For instance, about 70% of the participants agreed that they would have different views upon abortion in different cases. The most â€Å"justified† cases would be pregnancies by rapes and economic reasons (It was logical that according to Thomson Reuters (2009), an income group of US$39,100 – $65,800 would need a total of $170,460 a year to raise up a children form 0 to 17 year old). Yet, there were enough data to test the hypothesis. There were data supporting the hypothesis. From the results, participants who did not fully support abortion were mainly female or Chinese, whom thought that abortion was inhuman and should be banned. The number made up 32. 5% of the total participants. The reason behind was that female themselves would have real experiences in giving birth so they would have deeper thoughts than male. For Chinese participants, they were young but at the same time they were also deeply influenced by a traditional style of education. The curriculum focused on teaching people to have right values stated by the Confucius and other great figures. According to Vivien (2006), the vice president for education at the Asia Society, china should move away from the traditional forms of practices and adopt a broader curriculum to achieve the goal of becoming a real modern society. Despite there were data supporting the hypothesis, it was in a small proportion. We could find more data that was contrary to it. It also proved that people at older ages might not be conservative. Participants, mostly Australians (mostly aged 45 or above), were rather Pro-Choice. It was because of the trend of abortion. It was becoming more and more common. According to a table drawn by Wm Robert Johnson (2008), the abortion percentage rose from 15. 6% in 1984 to 21. 5% in 2006 in Australia. It might also be because of the cultural background. Comparing to country like China, westernized countries emphasized more on freedom of people. From the results, there were 32. 5% of the total participants who thought abortion was acceptable at all cases. Most importantly, over 80% of them agreed that people should respect the mother’s decision. The data was supported by a report by Monash University (2002). It included a survey on AES voters and candidates (about 2000 people are surveyed a year) about their attitudes towards abortion, from 1987 to 2001. The percentage of people choosing the criteria â€Å" Woman should be able to obtain an abortion readily when they want one† rose from 38% to 59% from 1987 to 2001. On the other hand, the percentage of people choosing the criteria â€Å"abortion should not be allowed under any circumstances† dropped from 6% to 3% in that period. Another evidence was that when participants were asked about whether abortion should be legalized, 65% of them thought that it should be legalized. From the above, we could understand the current views of people in Australia towards abortion, at different ages and cultural background. Though people did not have a strong stance of supporting abortion or not, we could find more evidence showing that people were actually more Pro-Choice than Pro-Life, in other words they would be more supportive to abortion, especially in recent years where abortion was more commonly found. Recommendations: Concerning the implications of the report findings, it was quite obvious that more people in Australia were actually supportive to abortion, based on their Pro-Choice attitude and the agreement of legalizing abortion. The scale and the target groups of the report were small that might distort the real opinion throughout the country. However, based on the report findings, extended researches could be done in examining whether abortion was generally acceptable or not and the possibility to further legalize abortion, as participants of the questionnaire could already clearly state some pros and cons of legalizing abortion. The research should cover a larger target group as Australia was rather multi-cultural. People in different culture could have their views in according to the religion, which was also important in this issue and not discussed in this report. To conclude, though the report did not represent most age and cultural groups in Australia, it could be the basis of further research in testing whether legalizing abortion was possible. References: Blade 2001, â€Å"Should abortion be legalized in Queensland, Australia? †, Available at http://www. bladesplace. id. au/abortion-law-queensland. html C. Natasha 1998, â€Å"Abortion law in Australia†, Law and Bills Digest Group Family Health International 2005, â€Å"Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide†, p. 1-2 â€Å"People and Place† 2004, Monash University, vol 12, no. 4 , p. 25 S. Vivien, E. Owens 2006, â€Å"Education Abroad: The China Syndrome†, Edutopia magazine Thomson Reuters 2009, â€Å"The cost of raising children†, available at: http://moneycentral. msn. com/articles/family/kids/tlkidscost. asp Wm. Robert Johnson 2008, â€Å"Historical abortion statistics† available at: http://www. johnstonsarchive. net/policy/abortion/australia/ab-aust-qld. html

Final Project: Business Portfolio Presentation Essay

The following is a presentation of information about â€Å"Nick’s Mexican Restaurant†. I will be going into detail about certain things that matter within a business like the organization, potential legal or ethical issues, business culture, types of motivation, human resource management, technology, and operations and materials management. Introduction to Mexican FoodAlthough the restaurant will be mainly Mexican, the menu will also consist of several American dishes and sea food dishes like Caldo de Marisco (seafood soup) and other favorites. Business OrganizationNick’s Mexican Restaurant will be privately owned. Since it is I will be fully responsible for all debts and obligations related my business. First at hand will be the staff, I need to have enough staff to get my business going and have the customers satisfied. My employees will consist of servers, cooks, dishwashers, preps, host/hostess, and a member of management for the kitchen and the front to greet the customers. Always making sure my employees are happy and secure. Taking care of my teams who will in turn take care of our guests, resulting in increased profits. Potential Legal or Ethical IssuesAs far as ethics goes, I will not be doing anything that may be considered illegal nor will my employees†¦I will stress it as much as possible to obey the law and be as clean and neat as possible. Legally you can be sued for almost anything from having a dirty kitchen to a small crack on the parking lot floor. I will be having plenty of insurance and I will make sure my business follows and obeys all kinds of licensing law. I will make sure all tax laws and employment laws will be followed as well. All employees will be treated fairly and will always have the option of leaving if they want. Business CultureNick’s Mexican Restaurant will strive to develop the strongest culture in the business and to out execute our competition. We focus on quality staffing , controlling team turnover and increasing  employee and customer satisfaction. The restaurant will be created to occupy both Mexican and American atmospheres because being here in the Rio Grande Valley, people can’t get enough of good Mexican cooking and a great down-home atmosphere. The restaurant will overlook the down town area for a pleasant dining experience. It will consist of a fancy banquet room that will be used for private and cooperate events, along with a down home dining room that will have a cozy fireplace and hearth. The outside will demonstrate a traditional Mexican style home (stucco) with an orange color motif. Types of MotivationWhen it comes to making my employees happy, I will always strive for that. I have always said, â€Å"happy employees means happy customers†. I will offer several types of incentives to motivate my employees to have great customer service. As the customer is paying, I will offer them a â€Å"report card† sort of speak to fill out about the service they received. If the service was excellent with several comments on it, I will place one from each server at the end of the week and draw to see which will receive a cash prize that week. It is very important that the kitchen stays clean, I will inspect it every week and make sure everything is looking great, if so I will give the kitchen staff a cash prize as well. All this in order to keep my employees happy and wanting more. Human Resource ManagementThe best way to improve the business is to have proper human resource management. Helping employees with common training practice is the best way to achieve growth within the business. Having four to five employees to one trainer would be very beneficial. Since everyone will be trained in a certain way the company will expand fast. Pay and benefits need to be increased if we want employees to stay with the company. Several businesses are offering better pay and benefits; we must retaliate by offering good starting wages and benefits. Retirement and sick leave is some of the issues that need to be operational. Vacation time should be offered after six months of employment and medical leave as well. Pay increases would be done every six months if the employees are doing well instead of yearly. Doing all this will surely help employees determine if the company is worth their services. TechnologyThe restaurant will be able to accept debit/credit cards and any other types of payment. The cash registers will have the options of keeping track of all the sales and transactions that have taken place throughout the day. The employees will have electronic time cards†¦at the beginning of the shift they are to swipe in and the end of the day to swipe out. After every night has passed a report will be printed out so I could look over. Operations and Materials ManagementEvery part of management should have all the materials needed for their area. The kitchen management is in charge of making sure all materials are ordered and products are supplied. I would not want my customers to get upset when they order something on the menu and it is not available due to insufficient ingredients. The front manager is in charge of making sure all napkin holders are stocked and all cleaning supplies are in abundance. The front manager is also to make sure all menus are current and printed correctly, along with cash register paper and credit/debit card machine also have paper. Nick’s Mexican RestaurantWith all this careful planning, Nick’s Mexican Restaurant will surely be one of the most successful restaurants in the Rio Grande Valley. People will love to work with us and dine with us as we will offer the very best in wage and benefits as well as a great mixture of Mexican, American, and seafood dishes. Nick’s Mexican Restaurant, where the food is fresh and the service is exellent!ReferencesNicholas Saldivar. (2008). Job Fair Brochure. Retrieved October 11, 2008, from Nicholas Saldivar, Week Six, BUS 210 Foundations of Business Web site. Nicholas Saldivar. (2008). The Impact of HRM CheckPoint. Retrieved October 11, 2008, from Nicholas Saldivar, Week Seven, BUS 210 Foundations of Business Web site. Nicholas Saldivar. (2008). IT Applications Presentation CheckPoint. Retrieved October 11, 2008, from Nicholas Saldivar, Week Eight, BUS 210 Foundations of Business Web site. Abuelitas , (2008). Menu. Abuelitas Mexican Restaurant. Retrieved October 11, 2008, from http://www.abuelitastopanga.com/menus.htmlAzteca , (2007). Welcome to the Family. Azteca Mexican Restaurants. Retrieved October 11, 2008, from http://www.aztecamex.com

Brown Black and white all over essays

Brown Black and white all over essays Thoughts on: Brown and Black and White all Over Racism is a wild fire, fed by fear, and hate, sparked by ignorance, and misunderstanding. This was the feeling I got while and after viewing the play Brown and Black and White all Over, played by Antonio Sacre. Many parts of his play hit and emotional nerve inside me. Antonio Sacres play contained passages that had me riding an emotional roller coaster. Sacre, a self proclaimed storyteller had me in a state of indecision, somewhere between laughing at and feeling sorry for the characters of his story. Antonio Sacres play was put on by his drama class, which consisted of about 5 girls from a school whose average student read at 15% of the national level. Sacre had me laughing at these kids antics and speech. They spoke in broken English and slang saying Hey man. How do expect me to learn all dis man? Huh? So I gotta learn all dis words? This had me and most of the audience laughing. Haha. these kids talked with different speech patterns than most of us. They are funny. HaHaHa. Then it hit me. These were underprivileged kids who didnt think they talked funny because this was how they talked, every day. I was laughing at them because of this? How could I be that rude? I and about 300 other people sitting in a nice padded chair, in a beautiful gy m, at a private school in one of the most affluent towns in the world, was laughing at these kids who were stumbling over lines and talking with a different accent. I was hard pressed to laugh at anything for the rest of that segment. Another part of Antonio Sacres play that stood out to my psyche was when Antonio was visiting the conference on Racism in the Californian redwood forest. The group was talking about stereotypes until a person of color says: Man, I cant believe the injustices in this world, man. My bro got caught wit a little bit of pot and got 2 years....

Eassy Rewrite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Eassy Rewrite - Essay Example (Plutarch 28) This account is based on what was told to Plutarch’s own grandfather, which no doubt shaped Plutarch’s own view of Cleopatra. That Plutarch was not as impressed as Antony is obvious from his use of words like â€Å"squandered† and â€Å"incredible extravagance.† (Plutarch 28) Cleopatra’s fame, at least in the Western intellectual tradition, owes to a great extent her encounter with the Romans, and in particular Mark Antony amongst other leaders. This also means that the Roman perspective on Cleopatra and Egypt is shaped as much by these interactions, dealings and visits than other aspects of her rule and kingdom. This fame, however, was coloured by the Romans’ view of her as someone who led great men like Antony astray. She successfully captivated the attention of Antony as with Caesar earlier, but in Rome, for all her hospitality, she became â€Å"the victim of a vicious propaganda campaign† ( §1.3). At the heart of this unfortunate circumstance for Cleopatra was Octavian’s envy for and conflict with Antony. Thus, there are two opposing perspectives on Cleopatra. One is the affectionate perspective as indulged in by Antony, and the other is the negative picture portrayed by Octavian and much of the rest of Rome. In the end, the defeat of the former at the decisive battle of Actium allowed history to be largely swayed by viewing Egypt as an enemy of Rome, and Cleopatra as a seductress, enemy and loser. This negative characterisation of Cleopatra and Egypt were present in Octavian’s speech delivered before the battle. He gave the impression to his army that Egypt’s way of life was decadent, and that Antony had been â€Å"enslaved by [Cleopatra]†. (Cocceianus 54) Although Cleopatra’s effect Antony caused a deep impression and led him to develop close attachment, the wider and more lasting Roman view as promoted by Octavian and Plutarch, was one of

Analysis of a NewYork landmark Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis of a NewYork landmark - Term Paper Example The paper intends to reveal certain facts of the Statue of Liberty based in New York. The Statue of Liberty is a symbol of freedom and the beginning of a new life in the land of liberty. Moreover, the depiction of the landmark regarding the history of New York and the character of its inhabitants will also be discussed in the paper. In order to explain about what The Statue of Liberty communicates towards the history of New York City, it can be affirmed that the landmark can be duly regarded as a symbol of character of the city and the residents residing there. The landmark is often viewed to be a famous tourist attraction in New York since a long time period. The Statue of Liberty shows a picture of the slavery system being crushed in the feet of the lady as portrayed in the Statue. It also depicts the improvement of the life of the people of New York. Earlier in the United States, there exists the slavery system. This Statue reveals the abolition of t slave system in the history of New York and the rise of a better life style of the residents of the city. It is often considered to be a universal symbol of freedom against the slave system prevailing in the city along with the nation (Murthy Law Firm, â€Å"Statue of Liberty†). The Statue of Liberty not only communicates about the history of the previous days but also the characteristics of the citizens residing in the city. Along with the abolition of the slave system, the statue also highlighted the start of an efficient life of the people. The torch of the lady is a symbol of the characteristics of the residents of the city. New York is a city with large population having kind nature. This character has been reflected by the statue (Fleegler 193-196). The Statue of Liberty communicates a lot of information about the city of New York. The statue itself is a universal symbol of freedom which reveals the abolition of slave system

The Importance of Critical Thinking to Nursing Graduates Essay - 1

The Importance of Critical Thinking to Nursing Graduates - Essay Example Why do nursing schools highlight critical thinking so much? Why is it so important for nursing graduates to develop this skill? Research provides us with various answers to these questions. For one, nursing graduates on their first year discover that working in a health care facility is not as straightforward as that of nursing school – there are no written instructions, no mentors to guide their every move. Moreover, the various changes in health care institutions require nursing graduates the capacity to learn â€Å"on the job† and to make time-sensitive decisions without compromising quality of service delivery. Fresh out of college, with beautiful dreams on how to help their patients, most nursing graduates tend to underestimate the complexity of their chosen career. In fact, many nursing graduates have created ideals by which they want to base their practice on. These ideals are expressed in terms such as the â€Å"pursuit of patient-centered holistic care, of high quality care and theoretical knowledge, and of evidence-based care† (Wangensteen, 2010, p. 12). But research shows that reality soon catches up with nursing graduates as they strive gain experience from their practice while at the same time struggling to comply with convert rules, and organizational constraints (Maben, Latter, & Clark, 2007). Most new nurses feel no control over their situation as they strive to find their place in the organization. Hence, it is no wonder that most new nurses describe their first year in practice as a year of â€Å"uncertainty and chaos† (Wangensteen, 2010, p. 44). Research shows that whether nursing graduates worked in the hospital or in home care, the experience was the same – first time nurses found it difficult to adjust to their new role because reality was so much more different that what was taught in nursing school. Once working with health care

Computer Ethics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Computer Ethics - Case Study Example On the other hand, if a computer professional or a group of professionals ask for ransom in exchange of not holding a computer as a hostage, they are indulging in criminal behavior. Ransom in previous years used to be gained by kidnapping an individual and this activity was recognized as a criminal conduct. Similarly, holding a computer hostage and acquiring ransom is even recognized as criminal behavior. One way through which computer users can protect their computers from being attacked by ransomware is by protecting their computers with security software. This security software has the ability to detect and stop malicious attacks launched on a particular computer. The user needs to ensure that the security software is kept up-to-date. It is essential for the security software to remain up-to-date because new forms and software of ransomware are being launched every day and in order to tackle updated viruses, a computer needs updated security software. Another way of preventing becoming a hostage to ransomware is having a backup of the information and data that is stored on a particular computer (Deccan Herald, 2012). In cases a computer becomes a hostage, the most probable threat that a user faces is the loss of important data. If this data is stored in a backup storage device such as a USB or an external hard drive, the user will not have to give in to the demand of ransom. Government can use both deterrent as well as preventive modes of legislation to counter the issue of ransomware. The government should pass a legislation requiring all organizations and computer users to protect their computers with security systems and having backup of the data. The government can levy hefty fines for not complying with legislation. This will encourage computer users as well as organizations to protect their system in order to avoid hefty sanctions. Government can deter computer hackers who use

Dimensions of Word Meaning

Dimensions of Word Meaning NGUYEN QUANG NGOAN Introduction The issue of defining and clearing the meaning of the words is by no means an easy talk. In other words, words are names or lables for things. Besides, linguists also realize the need to distinguish what a word or expression denotes from what they can be used to refer to, we will identify the difference between denotation and reference. There are many different ideas that the meaning of a word reflects reality or express human conceptualization of reality, as it were. However, we will discuss about various attempts designed to define probably one of the most difficult issues of semantics -meaning. Problems Depending on what it is understood by meaning, we can distinguish two main semantic theories: the referential / denotational approach-meaning is the action of putting words into relationship with the world; the representational /conceptual approach-meaning is the notion, the concept or the mental image of the object or situation in reality as reflected in mans mind. The two basic types of meaning were first mentioned by S. Stati in 1971- referential definitions which analyse meaning in terms of the relation symbol- object /referent; conceptual definitions which regard the relation symbol- thought/reference. 2.1 .Denotational /Referential Theories of Meaning. Before describing the characteristics of these theories, a clarification of the terms used is necessary. All languages allow speakers to describe or model aspects of what they perceive. In semantics the action of picking out or identifying individuals/ locations with words is called referring/denoting. To some linguists the two terms, denote and refer are synonymous. J. Saeed (1997: 23) gives two examples of proper names whose corresponding referents are easily recognizable e. g. I saw Michael Jackson on TV last night. We have just flown back from Paris. The underlined words refer to/denote the famous singer, respectively the capital of France, even if in some contexts they may be used to designate a person different from the singer, or a locality other than the capital of France. To John Lyons the terms denote and refer are not synonymous. The former is used to express the relationship linguistic expression- world, whereas the latter is used for the action of a speaker in picking out entities in the world. In the example A sparrow flew into the room. A sparrow and the room are NPs that refer to things in the world.; room, sparrow denote classes of items. In conclusion, referring is what speakers do and denoting is a propertyof words. Denotation is a stable relationship in a language, it doesnt depend on anyones use of the word unlike the action of referring. Returning to the problem of theories of meaning, they are called referential/ denotational when their basic premise is that we can give the meaning of words and sentences by showing how they relate to situations- proper names denote individuals, nouns denote entities or sets of individuals, verbs denote actions, adverbs denote properties of actions, adjectives denote properties of individuals-.In case of sentences, they denote situations and events. The difference in meaning between a sentence and its negative counterpart arises from the fact that they describe two situations e. g. There is a book on the shelf. There isnt a book on the shelf. Referential theories consider meaning to be something outside the world itself, an extra-linguistic entity. This means reducing the linguistic sign, i. e. the word to its material aspect, be it phonic or graphic. The impossibility of equating meaning with the object denoted by a given word can be explained considering three major reasons the identity meaning-object would leave meaning to a large extent undefined because not all the characteristic traits of an object as an extra- linguistic reality are identical with the distinctive features of lexical meaning; not all words have a referent in the outside world; there are: non- referring expressions so, very, maybe, if, not, etc. referring expressions used generically: e. g. A murder is a serious felony. words like nouns, pronouns with variable reference depending on the context: e. g. The president decides on the foreign policy. She didnt know what to say. words which have no corresponding object in the real world in general or at a certain moment: e. g. The unicorn is a mythical animal. She wants to make a cake this evening. different expressions/words that can be used for the same referent, the meaning reflecting the perspective from which the referent is viewed e. g. The morning star is the same thing as the evening star. The president of the USA/ George Bush/ Barbara Bushs husband was to deliver a speech. Besides the referential differences between expressions, we can make useful distinctions among the things referred to by expressions-referent thing picked out by uttering the expression in a particular context; extension of an expression = set of things which could possibly be the referent of that expression. In Lyons terminology the relationship between an expression and its extension is called denotation.(Saeed 1997: 27) A distinction currently made by modern linguists is that between the denotation of a word and the connotations associated with it. For most linguists, denotation represents the cognitive or communicative aspect of meaning (Schaff 1965), while connotation stands for the emotional overtones a speaker usually associates with each individual use of a word. Denotative meaning accounts for the relationship between the linguistic sign and its denotatum. But one shouldnt equate denotation with the denotatum.What is the denotation of a word which has no denotatum. As far as the attitude of the speaker is concerned, denotation is regarded as neutral, since its function is simply to convey the informational load carried by a word. The connotative aspects of meaning are highly subjective, springing from personal experiences, which a speaker has had of a given word and also from his/her attitude towards his/ her utterance and/ or towards the interlocutors (Leech, 1990: 14). For example dwelling, house, home, abode, residence have the same denotation but different connotations. Given their highly individual nature, connotations seem to be unrepeatable but, on the other hand, in many instances, the social nature of individual experience makes some connotative shades of meaning shared by practically all the speakers of a language. It is very difficult to draw a hard line between denotation and connotation in meaning analysis, due to the fact that elements of connotation are drawn into what is referred to as basic, denotative meaning. By taking into account connotative overtones of meaning, its analysis has been introduced a new dimension, the pragmatic one. Talking about reference involves talking about nominals- names and noun phrases. They are labels for people, places, etc. Context is important in the use of names; names are definite in that they carry the speakers assumption that his/ her audience can identify the referent (Saeed, 1997: 28). 2.2.The Relationship Between Sense And Reference The referent of an expression is often a thing or person in the world. The sense of an expression is not a thing at all it is an abstraction that can be entertained in the mind of a language users. Its difficult to say what sort of entity the sense of an expression it isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it is useful to think of sense as that is a part of meaning of an expression that is left over when reference is factored out. Its much easier to say whether or not expressions have the same sense. Connotation and denotation revisited We have discussed the meaning of a word, it helps to know the difference between denotation and connotation. These two terms are easy to confuse because they describe related concepts. Moreover, both denotation and connotation stem from the Latin word. The connotation of a word is the additional meaning that the word has beyond its denotative meaning. It shows peoples emotion and/or attitudes towards what the word refers to. The Denotation of a word is the core, central or referential meaning of the world found in a dictionary. In English, a content word may have its denotation described in term of a set of semantic features that serve to identify the particular concept associated with the word For example, the words home and house have similar denotations or primary meanings: a home is a shelter that is the usual residence of a person, family, or household, and a house is a building in which people live. However, these terms carry different associations or secondary meanings, also known as connotations. Many people would agree that home connotes a sense of belonging and comfort, whereas house conveys little more than a structure. The connotation of a word depends on cultural context and personal associations, but the denotation of a word is its standardized meaning within the English language. The change and development of meaning 3.1 .Change of meaning The development of vocabulary is the first of all reflected in the development of semantic structure of the words: new meaning of the words appear, some old meanings drop out of the language of coexist with the new ones. The first is extending the meanings of existing words or acquisition of new meaning by existing words based on the occurrence of a relationship between the old and new meaning. For example: 1. She turned a cold face to me 2. My brother is a pig => Semantic extensions Occurrence of a relationship between the old and new meaning 3.2. Causes of semantic change The factors accounting for semantic changes may be subdivided into three main groups: a. Extra-linguistic causes : various changes in the life of the speech community changes in economic and social structures changes in culture, knowledge, technology, arts changes of ideas, scientific concepts, way of life b. Linguistic factors : Ellipsis a change of meaning when the meaning of a word-combination is given to only one word of this combination For example: daily daily happening every day a daily newspaper daily a daily newspaper Discrimination of synonyms conflict of synonyms when a perfect synonym of a native word is borrowed from other language. For example: tide OE tide 1)time 2)season 3)hour from French time, season, hour Modern English tide regular rise and fall of the sea caused by the moon c. One more linguistic cause of semantic change is called fixed context. E.g. the word token brought into competition with the word sign and became restricted in use to a number of set expressions, such as love token, token of respect etc. and also became specialized in meaning. 3.3. Nature of semantic change: a. Restriction of meaning (narrowing) restriction of the types or referents denoted by the word. It can be illustrated by the semantic development of the word hound which used to denote dog of any breed but now denotes only a dog used in the chase. If the word with a new restricted meaning comes to be used in the specialized vocabulary of some limited group within the speech community it is usual to speak of the specialization of meaning. b. Extension of meaning (widening ) application of the word to wider variety of referents It may be illustrated by the word target which originally meant a small round shield but now means anything that is fired at. If the word with extended meaning passed from the specialized vocabulary into common use, the result of the semantic change is described as generalization of meaning. The connotational meaning may be changed in two ways as follows: Amelioration (elevation) of meaning implies the improvement of the connotational component of meaning, e.g. the word minister originally denoted a servant but now a civil servant of higher rank, a person administrating a department of state. Deterioration (degradation) of the meaning implies the acquisition by the word of some derogatory emotive charge, e.g. the word boor was originally to denote a peasant and then acquired a derogatory connotational meaning and came to denote a clumsy or ill-bred fellow. Transference of meaning 4.1. Definition of metaphor: The other perspective from which we can approach semantic change is the nature of the change or the connection between the new and the old meaning. We also call this feature a transfer. The meaning can be transferred from the original to the new position via three main types of association: Metaphor is the semantic change based on the association of similarity between referents the meaning is transferred on the basic of the fact that the two referents resemble on onother. The basic structure of the metaphor is very simple. There is a thing we are talking about and that to which we are comparing it. The transference may be based on similarity of Shape. E.g: head of a cabbage, crane bulb, the teeth of a saw Position. E.g: the foot of mountain Movement. E.g: caterpillar of a tank. Function. E.g: the key to the mystery Colour. E.g: orange, rose. Size. E.g: midget, elephantine The names of the parts of human body are transferred to others objects ( the nose of a plane, the leg of the table) The names of animals are also often transferred to the human beings ( A cunning person is a fox, a spiteful person is a snake, a rude person is a bear, a hard-working person is a bee or a beaver, birds view, crocodile tears) Proper names transferred to common ones( a jealous person is called an Othello, an eloquent speaker is a Cicero.) 4.1.2. The differences between similes and metaphors Both compare things that are essentially unlike. Metaphor implies the comparison hidden comparison ( no formal element of comparison) Simile expresses the comparison by the use of some word or phrase like, as, than, similar to, resembles, seems. For example My love is a rose -> metaphor My love is like a rose -> comparison 4.1.3.The classifications of metaphor Living ( poetic, individual) when a word is used in unusual meaning and metaphor is felt E.g: Peace is our fortress. Faded (trite) metaphor is one which lost its freshness because of long use and became habitual E.g: Fruitful effort, golden youth, to fall in love Dead metaphor where metaphoric sense is not felt. Dead metaphor are words which lost their direct meaning and are used only figuratively E.g: To ponder originally meant to weigh, but it is used now only in the meaning to mediate, to consider thoughtfully 4.2. Definition of metonymy Metonymy (contiguity of meaning) the name of an attribute of a thing is used instead of the thing itself. In other words, metonymy can be defined as the substitution of one word for another with which it is associated. For example Hollywood is used as a metonym (an instance of metonymy) for American cinema, because of the fame and cultural identity of Hollywood, as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars. Proper names as metonymy can be illustrated by : read Shakspeare, listen to Mozart, it was a Waterlooà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Major cases of metonymy: Use the name of container instead of the thing contained: E.g: to drink a glass, 2. Names of parts of human body may be used as symbols E.g: clever head, kind heart, 3. The concrete is used instead of abstract E.g: Let me give you a hand; to go to bed 4. The materials are used for the things is made of the materials E.g: glass 5. The name of the author is used for his works. E.g: Picasso, Ampere, Watts 6. Part is used for the whole and vice versa E.g: We all live under the same roof. She is wearing a fox. 7. The instrument which the doer uses in performing E.g. she is a good piano, 8. Other types: E.g: He always running after the skirt. ( a woman or girl) Other types of meaning tranfer are: Eponymy (functional change) common words are derived from proper nouns, e.g.: sandwich, china, rugby, White House (American government). Personification assigning human qualities to things, e.g.: the paper saysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Euphemisms the need for a less expressive word, substitution of words which can be harmful for words with milder connotations, e.g.: restroom (toilet), pass away (die), sleep with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (have a sexual intercourse withà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Hyperbole exaggeration of meaning, statement not to be taken literally, e.g.: wait for ages, weight a ton, Ill kill him when I see himà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Litotes the opposite of hyperbole, the understatement which can be often ironical or moderating, e.g.: It wasnt bad (in the sense of It was good), Shes not stupid (Shes rather smart)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ REFERENCES Hoa Nguyen, (2004). Understanding English Semantics. Hanoi: Nxb.Ä HQG Hà   Nà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â€ž ¢i. Lyons, J (1968). Introdution to Theoretical Linguistics. London and New York: CPU Lyons, J (1995). Linguistic Semantics: An introduction. London : CUP

King Leopolds Ghost Essays -- English Literature Essays

King Leopold's Ghost Out of sight mind is very convenient. If we don’t see what is really going on it is easier for us as consumers to sleep at night. Capitalism, colonialism and slavery are still practiced today, but in foreign countries and in a different manner. Before reading King Leopold’s Ghost, when I thought of slavery I thought of the transatlantic slave trade or Africans working as slaves in the US. After reading the book my eyes were open to a whole new perspective on slavery, capitalism and colonialism. When buying a product from a local store, one rarely inquires of the origin of the product’s raw materials as well as the working conditions / living conditions of the employees who created it. Our clothes, toys, accessories, and many other items have more history than we decide to realize. Take the designer imitation shoes you bought on sale from Payless for $10. Did ever wonder why or how you could get such a â€Å"Great Deal!† If the tag says â€Å"MADE IN CHINA†, it was produced for very cheap labor possibly by children working and living in conditions we would find unbearable for ourselves. In a way it is slavery, because in poor countries jobs are often scarce and pay is bad. If you have a job you will go to extremes to keep it, not because you like the job, but because you need it to survive. The owner of the business knows that and therefore he or she has a control over your life. This form of slavery is linked directly to capitalism and communism first b ecaus...

Le Corbusier

â€Å"The house is a machine for living in. †-Le Corbusier House 14 at Weissenhof: http://mpdrolet. tumblr. com/pos/34901891099/weissenhof-estate-le-corbusier-peter-gossel. As with many other architects of his time, Le Corbusier was fascinated with the Industrial Age. The Industrial Age brought a multitude of new materials for architects to work with, as well as new processes to utilize these revolutionary materials. Le Corbusier sought to coalesce these new ideas into his 5 points towards a new architecture. The five essential points set out above represent a fundamentally new aesthetic. Nothing is left to us of the architecture of past epochs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Conrads, 1970, p. 100) By combining the newly readily available materials of steel and concrete with the process of mass production Le Corbusier invents a house that embodies a machine. No longer is the house simply a decorative container to live in. The house that utilizes Le Corbusier’s 5 points actively works to improve the lives of its inhabitants just as any successful machine of the Industrial Age.As seen in House 14, all attention is focused on satisfying the 5 points and consequentially superfluous ornament is disregarded. Rather the building as a whole could be described a monument to the Industrial age. The clean-cut corners and lines evoke a sense of the ordered factory and sharp contrasts remind viewers of the positive and negative results of Industrialism. â€Å"Industry, overwhelming us like a flood which rolls on towards its destined ends, has furnished us with new tools adapted to this new epoch, animated by the new spirit. (Conrads, 1970, p. 61) Corbusier’s idea of the â€Å"new spirit† is evident in his 5 points. The new â€Å"machine† house improves people’s lives by helping them adapt to and live in the boisterous times of the Industrial Age. The roof of the house is covered in a roof garden to give its inhabitants a place to relax from the inc essant clamor of the new age. The house is set off the ground on pilotes to separate the inhabitant from the dirty byproducts of Industrialism.This sense of cleanliness is also emphasized in the whitewashed walls giving a sense of purity and sanitation. â€Å"Economic law inevitably governs our acts and our thoughts. † (Conrads, 1970, p. 61) As with any mass produced machine, cost is an issue. Corbusier had to settle for using the relatively cheap materials of stucco over brick to allow his house to be mass-produced. Le Corbusier revolutionized the house into an efficient machine with his 5 points. â€Å"Economic law inevitably governs our acts and our thoughts. † (Conrads, 1970, p. 61)

Before the Great War the position of women in society depended on birth, class, marriage, and men

Women had to live up to an ideal created by men. This meant women had to appear less intelligent than their husbands, women had to be well mannered, and modest in behaviour and speech. Women from richer middle and upper class families had servants to look after their homes and weren't expected to work. Upper class women were brought up and educated to be a dutiful wife. Lower class women had to look after their husband, manage everything in the house as well as finance, be utterly faithful to her husband and willingly manage a large family Some women did go to work; in 1901 55% of single women and 14% of married women were at work. In 1914 the largest employer of women was the Domestic Service with 1,600,000 this is because the Domestic Service was regarded as better than working in factories. About 656,000 women worked in the factories of the textile industry – especially the cotton mills of northern England. Lots of women were in work but many of them hardly made enough money to live on. Married working class women faced a lot of problems. Families were large: 71% of women had four or more children and 41% had seven or more. Many women however lost children to diseases like Scarlet Fever, Diphtheria, and Tubercular. Children died because they didn't have any health care and doctors were expensive and hard to find. Poverty, bad housing and child bearing affected the health of working class women probably because they put the health of their husbands first as they had to be at work to earn money. Lots of women wanted the vote before the Great War. Suffragists wanted the vote and played by the law where as Suffragettes were more militant. The Suffragettes committed many acts of violence such as destruction of property and arson. Lots of people were against giving women the right to vote, even queen Victoria was. This meant women's suffrage had to gain support, so they continued with their marches and put posters up to try to gain support. The government passed a cat and mouse act which allowed Suffragettes to be released when they became ill because of their hunger strike and as soon as they were better again they were arrested and sent back to prison to finish their sentence. The outbreak of the First World War brought an end to the Suffragettes campaign.

Discipline, Stressors for Parents with Children and ADHD Essays

Discipline, Stressors for Parents with Children and ADHD Essays Discipline, Stressors for Parents with Children and ADHD Essay Discipline, Stressors for Parents with Children and ADHD Essay Imagine being stuck in traffic waiting to cross an intersection. You have an important meeting to attend and an absence may revoke your chance of a promotion. This particular traffic light takes longer than average to change green. As it finally turns green, the cars ahead of you ease off the brakes and slowly accelerate past the intersection. Not being aware of the light change, you are distracted by a nearby billboard sign. Finally you regain focus, Just as you are about to cross the intersection he traffic light turns red and you slam on the brakes. For some people this type of situation happens quite often and engrosses them with animosity throughout the day. There are many instances like this one which can hold adults and children back from Jobs, academic success, and many other things in life. This struggle is called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Many children are diagnosed with this behavioral disorder every day. There are many articles written today which speak of the facts and struggles children with ADHD deal with. But many f the articles do not really speak much of how the parents cope with the daily stress. Only a handful of studies have addressed the question of how parents cope with stress. Why? This is only one of the many questions and curiosities which will be discussed in this editorial. Parents go through many types of stress raising children who have behavioral problems such as ADHD. As discussed in one of the four articles which will be assessed in this paper, authors William E. Pelham, Jr. PH. D. , and Alan R. Lang, PH. D. tates Children with ADHD often disregard parental requests, commands nd rules; fght with siblings; disturb neighbors; and have frequent negative encounters with school teachers and principals (Pelham and Lang, 272). Why would there not be more discussions on this topic of parental stress and how to cope with For example: Children who act out in a store and the parent is looked down on because he/she cannot control the child, if the child has ADHD or another behavi oral disability the problem is not visible to the naked eye. The public in general will Judge the parent because they cannot see a physical disability such as Down syndrome. Some parents may or may not cope well with this type of situation. Children with ADHD have impulse issues and sometimes cannot control their actions without medication and/or behavioral intervention. A recent article titled Behavioral and Emotional Outcomes of an In-Home Parent Training Intervention for Young Children written by Kristen Hurley, Annette Griffith, Kathryn Casey, Stephanie Ingram and Amy Simpson discuss how families need to be involved in home training techniques which help with behavioral training and to cope without medication. Yet author Susan Hawthornes article ADHD drugs: Values that drive the debate and decisions argues whether medication and intervention ot behavioral and discipline raining is better. Pharmaceutical companies pay off doctors to push the medication but, on the other hand many parents and children would not be able to cope with the daily stress which comes from the behavioral struggles of an ADHD adolescent. According to Hurley, Casey, Griffith, Ingram and Simpson Many children who engage in disruptive problem behavior tend to come from families who demonstrate inconsistent and punitive parenting practices, experience considerable stress, and have frequent changes in family structure (Hurley, Casey, Griffith, Ingram and Simpson 1). Children with ADHD who go through the in home training and who take medication seen huge improvements, although children who do not take the medication seen improvement, the improvement will be short term vs. he child who takes the medication along with the in-home training. It is a lot easier to manage a child who is not running all over the place and getting into things on a daily basis. Parents need to complete the training and practice to make the change or there will be no significant improvements. It has also been discussed for years parents should always be involved with their childrens schools one way or another. This would help out significantly with communication between the teacher and parents. Several professional psychiatrists believe ADHD is a mental disorder and can be treated with medication and parental training. However, there are a few professionals out there who believe ADHD is Just a label and can be treated with Just training. For example, the article Self Handicapping Prior to Academic- Oriented Tasks in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Medication Effects and Comparisons with Controls, suggests stimulant medications influence self-handicapping (Waschbusch, Craig, Pelham Jr and King, 275). However, if you teach your child the medication is only to help with your education or focusing and their actions are their responsibility truthfully; it is not self- handicapping to give your child a stimulant or non-stimulant. All children with ADHD should not be in a home with corporal punishment or a lot of inconsistent parenting technique. They feed off of the inconsistency, not wanting to follow direction and will play both of the parents against each other. Parents need to be more aware of this and prepare so they can cope with this type of stress. In a study described in he article Can Your Child Drive You to Drink Pelham and Lang discuss, how the study strongly support the assumption the deviant child behaviors represent major chronic interpersonal stressors for parents of ADHD children are associated with increased parental alcohol consumption, thereby confirming a child-to-parent influence on the same relationship (Pelham and Lang 298). Can Your Child Drive You to Drink is a complete cop out it is a study which gives parents an excuse to drink and not deal with the problem. One could only wonder how to handle a child with ADHD on a daily basis, there isa variety of teaching recommendations and ave been suggested through the years for children with ADHD to get into physical activity environments. Teaching relaxation training and developing strategies to increase self-regulation, along with using positive verbal reinforcement. There are many behavioral therapies which can help with controlling the child when he/she is out of control. There needs to be more information out in the media for parents who need help dealing with their child even without ADHD. With all of the violence involving children these days there should be more resources to help cope with this stress. Many people do not know how to deal with their own emotions and nger let alone deal with a disruptive child on a daily basis. As the exploration of these articles show, there is significant discussion regarding how to help children cope, but very little on the parent perspective. This affects parents by not knowing what to do and in some results the parents using corporal punishment out of frustration. Many parents feel there is no-one listening. A change in how studies are done should be analyzed by physicians and psychiatrist because the effects on the child can be detrimental to their mentality, emotions and social skills. If the parent cannot cope very well. There is hope with greater awareness on how parents cope with the stress and giving the right tools and information it will help parents deal more appropriately. Authors Harvey, Fagan and Kassis state, A few major outcomes might be achieved with combining use of social skills training and the empathy approach (Harvey, Fagan and Kassis 34). This is true, positive encouragement is used in many mental health clinics in the US. Bad behavior is Just as noticeable as good behavior if you shine a light on it. So if there is a light shined on the good behavior maybe the bad behavior will dissipate making less stress on he parent and the child. No one said it would be easy to raise a child and being a parent dont come with a manual. So the next time you are in a store or somewhere in public and you see a child who may be out of control try not to think Oh my! Look at the parent not controlling their child think, Maybe there is a reason why it is hard to control their child. Remember, Just because this disability is not visible to the naked eye it does not mean it is not there. Work Cited Pelham,William E. , Jr, and Alan R. Lang. Can Your Children Drive You to Drink? Alcohol Research and Health 23. 4 1999): 292-8. ProQuest. web. 13 NOV. 2013. Hurley, Kristin Duppong, et al. Young Children. Journal of At-Risk Issues 16. 2 (201 1): 1-7. Harvey, William J. , Terrance Fagan, and Jean Kassis. Enabling Students with ADHD to Use Self-Control in Physical Activities. Palaestra summer 2003: 32-5. ProQuest. web. 7 NOV. 2013. Waschbusch, Daniel A. , et al. Self-Handicapping Prior to Academic Oriented Tasks in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Medication Effects and Comparisons with Controls. Journal of abnormal child psychology 35. 2 (2007): 275-86. ProQuest. web. 7 NOV. 2013.